The Quantum Computing Cybersecurity Preparedness Act, which President Biden signed just before Christmas, essentially codified his administration's efforts to examine and catalog the government information technology (IT) systems that would soon be vulnerable to quantum computers. This is a crucial first action. It is a difficult task to switch the entire federal IT infrastructure over to new cryptographic systems, and today's action is needed to work out the implementation issues. Federal officials then need to take the initiative and actively share what they discover. For those who are unaware, quantum computing is a promising technology that has not yet reached its full potential. It also poses a risk to many of the most popular types of cryptography-based computer security because of its distinctive capacity to avoid time-consuming mathematics. Future incarnations of quantum computers might easily turn into a security problem even though they aren't now powerful enough to pose a threat. The majority of secure communications, banking transactions, and other applications would be helpless.
Quantum computing: what is it?
To handle problems that conventional computers find too difficult, quantum computing depends on quantum mechanics, a fundamental theory of physics that explains how the world functions at the level of the atom and subatomic particles. The "quantum bit," or qubit, is the main component of quantum computers. In contrast to conventional computer bits, which can only be set to 0 or 1, qubits can be set to a superposition of 0 and 1. Qubits enable quantum computers to process information in a small fraction of the time it would take a conventional computer to do so, despite the complicated mechanics at work.
Research into quantum computers has been ongoing for decades due to the significant boosts in processing capability that they can offer. However, significant advancements have been made recently.
The discovery of a method by Australian engineers to operate electrons in quantum dots that operate logic gates without the need for a big, bulky apparatus was disclosed last week. This might make it easier to construct moderately large quantum computers.
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